---
title: Then China broke apart under warlords, students marched in 1919, and… — China: 1911, 1949 and Mao · tree and pragmatics
description: Then China broke apart under warlords, students marched in 1919, and Japan invaded, in 1931 and fully in 1937. Who acts: China, students, Japan. A sentence of the lesson «China: 1911, 1949 and Mao» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# China: 1911, 1949 and Mao, sentence 3

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Then China broke apart under warlords, students marched in 1919, and Japan invaded, in 1931 and fully in 1937.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** China, students, Japan · **What happens:** break apart, march, invade · **To what, where:** warlords, 1919, 1931

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This is a sentence of the lesson «China: 1911, 1949 and Mao» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (China, students, Japan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson:3
# text = Then China broke apart under warlords, students marched in 1919, and Japan invaded, in 1931 and fully in 1937.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	warlords	warlord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=8:punct
8	students	student	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj
9	marched	march	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	1919	1919	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	invaded	invade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	1931	1931	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	18	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	1937	1937	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break apart** | past | China |  |  | warlords | then | apart *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **march** | past | students |  |  | 1919 |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1919=Trajectory |
| 3 | **invade** | past | Japan |  |  | 1931 |  | in 1937 | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:058-china-1911-1949-and-mao.lesson:3`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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