---
title: Since about 1980 China has changed faster than almost any country in… — China: modern China, space and contested topics · tree and pragmatics
description: Since about 1980 China has changed faster than almost any country in history. Who acts: China. A sentence of the lesson «China: modern China, space and contested topics» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# China: modern China, space and contested topics, sentence 0

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Since about 1980 China has changed faster than almost any country in history.

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**Who acts:** China · **What happens:** change

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This is a sentence of the lesson «China: modern China, space and contested topics» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (China), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:059-china-modern-china-space-and-contested-topics.lesson:0
# text = Since about 1980 China has changed faster than almost any country in history.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 059-china-modern-china-space-and-contested-topics.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	Since	since	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	about	about	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	1980	1980	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	_
4	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	faster	fast	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	xcomp	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present · perfect | China |  |  |  | since 1980 | fast *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:059-china-modern-china-space-and-contested-topics.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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