--- title: The Great Pyramid was built about 4,500 years ago for the pharaoh Kh… — Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs · tree and pragmatics description: The Great Pyramid was built about 4,500 years ago for the pharaoh Khufu, not by slaves or aliens but by paid workers and farmers taking turns, who lived in a town nearby. Who acts: slaves, paid workers. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs» of the history course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/6-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and h…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/6-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs/) / 2 # Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs, sentence 2 The Great Pyramid was built about 4,500 years ago for the pharaoh Khufu, not by slaves or aliens but by paid workers and farmers taking turns, who lived in a town nearby. **Who acts:** slaves, paid workers · **What happens:** build, pay, take, live · **To what, where:** Great Pyramid, turns, town This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (slaves, paid workers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:006-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs.lesson:2 # text = The Great Pyramid was built about 4,500 years ago for the pharaoh Khufu, not by slaves or aliens but by paid workers and farmers taking turns, who lived in a town nearby. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 006-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 Pyramid pyramid PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:nsubj:pass|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 built build VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 about about ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 4,500 4,500 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 8 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:obl:unmarked 9 ago ago ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:advmod 10 for for ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:det 12 pharaoh pharaoh NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:appos 13 Khufu Khufu PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 17 advmod _ _ 16 by by ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 slaves slave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl:agent _ _ 18 or or CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 aliens alien NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 20 but but CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 21 by by ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 paid pay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 amod _ _ 23 workers worker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 farmers farmer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 26 taking take VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 23 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:acl 27 turns turn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 30 nsubj _ _ 30 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:acl:relcl 31 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 34 nearby nearby ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **build** | past · passive | slaves or aliens but paid workers and farmers | the Great Pyramid | | | | for Khufu; the pharaoh *obl*; ago *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent subject=Product for khufu=Beneficiary | | 2 | **pay** | participle | | | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **take** | gerund | paid workers and farmers *not said here* | turns | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turn=Theme | | 4 | **live** | past | paid workers and farmers | | | a town | | nearby *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in town=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:006-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and h…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/6-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs/1/) - next →: [Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and h…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/6-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/6-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs/)