--- title: China invented many things, including paper, printing, the compass,… — China: Mei's exaggerations and everyday China · tree and pragmatics description: China invented many things, including paper, printing, the compass, gunpowder, porcelain, silk, paper money and the seismoscope; but not everything: the alphabet came from the Middle East, the number zero from India and the working steam engine from Britain. Who acts: China, everything. A sentence o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/60-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [China: Mei's exaggerations and everyda…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/60-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china/) / 11 # China: Mei's exaggerations and everyday China, sentence 11 China invented many things, including paper, printing, the compass, gunpowder, porcelain, silk, paper money and the seismoscope; but not everything: the alphabet came from the Middle East, the number zero from India and the working steam engine from Britain. **Who acts:** China, everything · **What happens:** invent, come, work · **To what, where:** many things, Middle East This is a sentence of the lesson «China: Mei's exaggerations and everyday China» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (China, everything), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:060-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china.lesson:11 # text = China invented many things, including paper, printing, the compass, gunpowder, porcelain, silk, paper money and the seismoscope; but not everything: the alphabet came from the Middle East, the number zero from India and the working steam engine from Britain. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 060-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 invented invent VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 including include ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 paper paper NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 printing printing NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 compass compass NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 gunpowder gunpowder NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 porcelain porcelain NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 silk silk NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 paper paper NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 seismoscope seismoscope NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 26 but but CCONJ CC _ 2 cc _ _ 27 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 28 advmod _ _ 28 everything everything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 32 nsubj _ _ 29 : : PUNCT : _ 32 punct _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 alphabet alphabet NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 32 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 33 from from ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 Middle Middle PROPN NNP _ 36 compound _ _ 36 East East PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 conj _ _ 40 zero zero NUM CD NumType=Card 39 appos _ _ 41 from from ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 nmod _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=39:cc 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 45 working work VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 47 amod _ _ 46 steam steam NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 compound _ _ 47 engine engine NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 conj _ _ 48 from from ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 nmod _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **invent** | past | China | many things | | | | include paper and printing and the compass and gunpowder and porcelain and silk paper money and the seismoscope | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Result | | 2 | **come** | past | everything | | | the Middle East | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from east=Initial\_Location | | 3 | **work** | gerund | | | | | | | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:060-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China: Mei's exaggerations and everyda…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/60-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china/10/) - next →: [China: Mei's exaggerations and everyda…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/60-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/60-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china/)