--- title: Nobody invented fire: it existed in lightning and wildfires; earlier… — How we got here: the big steps on one long timel… · tree and pragmatics description: Nobody invented fire: it existed in lightning and wildfires; earlier kinds of humans learned to keep it maybe a million years ago, and regular campfires go back about 400,000 years. Who acts: Nobody, fire, regular campfires. A sentence of the lesson «How we got here: the big steps on one long timeli --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [How we got here: the big steps on one…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/) / 15 # How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline, sentence 15 Nobody invented fire: it existed in lightning and wildfires; earlier kinds of humans learned to keep it maybe a million years ago, and regular campfires go back about 400,000 years. **Who acts:** Nobody, fire, regular campfires · **What happens:** invent, exist, learn, keep, go back · **To what, where:** fire, lightning, earlier kinds This is a sentence of the lesson «How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nobody, fire, regular campfires), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:061-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline.lesson:15 # text = Nobody invented fire: it existed in lightning and wildfires; earlier kinds of humans learned to keep it maybe a million years ago, and regular campfires go back about 400,000 years. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 061-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 2 nsubj _ _ 2 invented invent VERB VBN Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 3 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct _ _ 5 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 existed exist VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 lightning lightning NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 wildfires wildfire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 earlier early ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 13 amod _ _ 13 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 humans human NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 16 learned learn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 acl _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:advcl 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 maybe maybe ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 23 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl:unmarked _ _ 24 ago ago ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 27 regular regular ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 campfires campfire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 29 go go VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 30 back back ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 31 about about ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 32 400,000 400,000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 33 nummod _ _ 33 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl:unmarked _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **invent** | participle | Nobody | fire | | | | | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Result | | 2 | **exist** | past | fire | | | lightning and wildfires and earlier kinds of humans | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in lightning=Location | | 3 | **learn** | participle | | earlier kinds of humans *not said here* | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **keep** | to-infinitive | | fire | | | | ago *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 5 | **go back** | present | regular campfires | | | | year | | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:061-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How we got here: the big steps on one…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/14/) - next →: [How we got here: the big steps on one…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/)