--- title: The Greek writer Herodotus praised the Persian messengers, saying th… — Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses… · tree and pragmatics description: The Greek writer Herodotus praised the Persian messengers, saying that neither snow nor rain nor heat nor night stopped them; his words are carved on the main post office in New York. Who acts: Greek writer, snow, writer. A sentence of the lesson «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, cl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/) / 18 # Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses, sentence 18 The Greek writer Herodotus praised the Persian messengers, saying that neither snow nor rain nor heat nor night stopped them; his words are carved on the main post office in New York. **Who acts:** Greek writer, snow, writer · **What happens:** praise, say, stop, carve, word · **To what, where:** Persian messengers, messengers, words, main post office · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Greek writer, snow, writer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson:18 # text = The Greek writer Herodotus praised the Persian messengers, saying that neither snow nor rain nor heat nor night stopped them; his words are carved on the main post office in New York. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:det 2 Greek Greek ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:amod 3 writer writer NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:compound 4 Herodotus Herodotus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:nsubj 5 praised praise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 Persian Persian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 messengers messenger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 advcl _ _ 11 that that SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 12 neither neither DET DT PronType=Neg 13 det _ _ 13 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 14 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 15 cc _ _ 15 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 16 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 17 cc _ _ 17 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 18 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 19 cc _ _ 19 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 20 stopped stop VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 ccomp _ _ 21 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 carved carve VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 27 on on ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 29 main main ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 30 post post NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 office office NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 New New PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 York York PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **praise** | past | the Greek writer | the Persian messengers | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the Greek writer *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **stop** | past | neither snow nor rain nor heat nor night | messengers *= messenger* | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality they=Eventuality | | 4 | **carve** | present · passive | | writer's words | | the main post office in New York | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on office=Destination | | 5 | **word** | | writer | | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/17/) - next →: [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/)