---
title: Mechanical clocks spread in Europe from about 1300, and China built… — Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses… · tree and pragmatics
description: Mechanical clocks spread in Europe from about 1300, and China built a great water-driven clock tower in the 1090s. Who acts: Mechanical clocks, China. A sentence of the lesson «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school with i
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/20/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/) / 20

# Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mechanical clocks spread in Europe from about 1300, and China built a great water-driven clock tower in the 1090s.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mechanical clocks, China · **What happens:** spread, build, drive · **To what, where:** Europe, great driven clock tower, 1090s

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mechanical clocks, China), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson:20
# text = Mechanical clocks spread in Europe from about 1300, and China built a great water-driven clock tower in the 1090s.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Mechanical	mechanical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
2	clocks	clock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	about	about	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	1300	1300	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
14	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	_
17	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
18	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	1090s	1090	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	12	obl	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | past | Mechanical clocks |  |  | Europe |  | from 1300 | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in europe=Location |
| 2 | **build** | past | China | a great driven clock tower |  | the 1090s |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tower=Product |
| 3 | **drive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson:20`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/19/)
- next →: [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/21/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/)