---
title: Eyeglasses were invented in Italy around 1280 to 1290, so people ove… — Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses… · tree and pragmatics
description: Eyeglasses were invented in Italy around 1280 to 1290, so people over 40 could keep reading and sewing. Who acts: people. A sentence of the lesson «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses, sentence 22

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Eyeglasses were invented in Italy around 1280 to 1290, so people over 40 could keep reading and sewing.

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**Who acts:** people · **What happens:** invent, keep, read, sew · **To what, where:** Eyeglasses, Italy

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson:22
# text = Eyeglasses were invented in Italy around 1280 to 1290, so people over 40 could keep reading and sewing.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Eyeglasses	eyeglass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	1280	1280	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	1290	1290	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
12	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
13	over	over	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nmod	_	_
15	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
17	reading	read	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	xcomp	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	sewing	sew	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	conj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | past · passive |  | Eyeglasses |  | Italy |  | around 1280 to 1290 | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **keep** | could | people over 40 |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **read** | gerund | people over 40 *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **sew** | gerund | people over 40 *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson:22`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…, 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/23/)
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