--- title: Hassan's Moroccan gran laughs at his toy truck because in North Afri… — Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses… · tree and pragmatics description: Hassan's Moroccan gran laughs at his toy truck because in North Africa people once swapped carts for camels, which needed no roads and could cross sand. Who acts: Moroccan gran, people, camels. A sentence of the lesson «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the his --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/) / 5 # Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses, sentence 5 Hassan's Moroccan gran laughs at his toy truck because in North Africa people once swapped carts for camels, which needed no roads and could cross sand. **Who acts:** Moroccan gran, people, camels · **What happens:** laugh, swap, need, cross · **To what, where:** toy truck, carts, North Africa, roads, sand This is a sentence of the lesson «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moroccan gran, people, camels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson:5 # text = Hassan's Moroccan gran laughs at his toy truck because in North Africa people once swapped carts for camels, which needed no roads and could cross sand. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Hassan Hassan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ _ 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 Moroccan moroccan ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 4 gran gran NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 laughs laugh VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 at at ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 8 toy toy NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 9 truck truck NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 10 because because SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 14 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 15 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 16 advmod _ _ 16 swapped swap VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 17 carts cart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 18 for for ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 camels camel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:nmod 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 22 needed need VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:parataxis 23 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 24 det _ _ 24 roads road NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 27 cross cross VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 conj _ _ 28 sand sand NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **laugh** | present | Hassan's Moroccan gran | | | gran's toy truck | | | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **swap** | past | people | carts | | North Africa | | for camels; once *property* | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent cart=Theme for camel=Co-Theme | | 3 | **need** | past | camels | no roads | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot road=Theme | | 4 | **cross** | could | camels *not said here* | sand | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sand=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/4/) - next →: [Everyday inventions: pots, boats, whee…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/)