--- title: The first known coins were made in Lydia, in what is now Turkey, aro… — Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned t… · tree and pragmatics description: The first known coins were made in Lydia, in what is now Turkey, around 600 BCE; coins appeared in China and India around the same time. Who acts: coins. A sentence of the lesson «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history course of Mova's primary school with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/) / 18 # Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other, sentence 18 The first known coins were made in Lydia, in what is now Turkey, around 600 BCE; coins appeared in China and India around the same time. **Who acts:** coins · **What happens:** know, make, be, appear · **To what, where:** first known coins, Lydia, Turkey, China This is a sentence of the lesson «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (coins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson:18 # text = The first known coins were made in Lydia, in what is now Turkey, around 600 BCE; coins appeared in China and India around the same time. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 4 amod _ _ 3 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 amod _ _ 4 coins coin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Lydia Lydia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 6 advcl:relcl _ _ 12 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 13 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 14 advmod _ _ 14 Turkey Turkey PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 acl:relcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:nsubj 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 around around ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 600 600 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 18 BCE BCE PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 flat _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 coins coin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 21 appeared appear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 22 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 conj _ _ 26 around around ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | participle | | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **make** | past · passive | | the first known coins | | Lydia | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 3 | **is a** | present | | Turkey | | | now | | tree rules | | 4 | **appear** | past | coins | | | China and India | time | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in china=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/17/) - next →: [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/)