--- title: A clay tablet from Ur, about 3,750 years old, holds a letter from a… — Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned t… · tree and pragmatics description: A clay tablet from Ur, about 3,750 years old, holds a letter from a man called Nanni complaining to the trader Ea-nasir about poor copper and rude treatment. Who acts: clay tablet, letter. A sentence of the lesson «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history co --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/) / 21 # Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other, sentence 21 A clay tablet from Ur, about 3,750 years old, holds a letter from a man called Nanni complaining to the trader Ea-nasir about poor copper and rude treatment. **Who acts:** clay tablet, letter · **What happens:** hold, call, complain · **To what, where:** letter, man, trader Ea nasir · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clay tablet, letter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson:21 # text = A clay tablet from Ur, about 3,750 years old, holds a letter from a man called Nanni complaining to the trader Ea-nasir about poor copper and rude treatment. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 clay clay NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 tablet tablet NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Ur Ur PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 about about ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 3,750 3,750 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl:unmarked _ _ 10 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 12 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 from from ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 18 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 acl _ _ 19 Nanni Nanni PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 xcomp _ _ 20 complaining complain VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 14 acl _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 23 trader trader NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 24 Ea ea NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 25 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=24:punct 26 nasir nasir NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 27 about about ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 copper copper NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:nmod 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 31 rude rude ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 treatment treatment NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hold** | present | a clay tablet from Ur | a letter | | | | from a man | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme | | 2 | **call** | participle | | a man *not said here* | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **complain** *speech: other* | gerund | a letter *not said here* | | the trader Ea nasir | | | about poor copper and rude treatment | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.topic PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to nasir=Recipient about copper=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson:21`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/19/) - next →: [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…, 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/22/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/)