--- title: Many peoples kept laws without writing: the Haudenosaunee Great Law… — Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned t… · tree and pragmatics description: Many peoples kept laws without writing: the Haudenosaunee Great Law of Peace was remembered with wampum belts, and Somali clans used xeer, a law kept by elders. Who acts: Somali clans. A sentence of the lesson «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/) / 23 # Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other, sentence 23 Many peoples kept laws without writing: the Haudenosaunee Great Law of Peace was remembered with wampum belts, and Somali clans used xeer, a law kept by elders. **Who acts:** Somali clans · **What happens:** keep, remember, use · **To what, where:** Many peoples, Haudenosaunee Great Law, xeer, law This is a sentence of the lesson «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Somali clans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson:23 # text = Many peoples kept laws without writing: the Haudenosaunee Great Law of Peace was remembered with wampum belts, and Somali clans used xeer, a law kept by elders. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 peoples people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 kept keep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 laws law NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 without without ADP IN _ 6 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 6 writing writing NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 9 Haudenosaunee Haudenosaunee PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 10 Great Great ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 Law Law PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 Peace Peace PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 remembered remember VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 conj _ _ 16 with with ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 wampum wampum NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 belts belt NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=15:cc 21 Somali Somali ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 22 clans clan NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 used use VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 24 xeer xeer NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 law law NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 appos _ _ 28 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 27 acl _ _ 29 by by ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 elders elder NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl:agent _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | past · passive | | Many peoples | | | | without writing | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme law=Attribute | | 2 | **remember** | past · passive | | the Haudenosaunee Great Law of Peace | | | | with wampum belts | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme | | 3 | **use** | past | Somali clans | xeer | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent xeer=Patient | | 4 | **keep** | participle | | a law *not said here* | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson:23`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Writing, laws and money: how strangers…, 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/22/) - next →: [Learning through the ages: schools, un…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/64-learning-through-the-ages-schools-universities-libraries-and-science/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/)