--- title: In 1796 Edward Jenner used cowpox to protect people from smallpox; e… — Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 y… · tree and pragmatics description: In 1796 Edward Jenner used cowpox to protect people from smallpox; earlier, people in China, India, Africa and the Ottoman Empire used a riskier method, and an enslaved African man, Onesimus, told Boston doctors about it in 1721. Who acts: Edward, people, enslaved African man. A sentence of the less --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Light, machines and medicine: how the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/) / 15 # Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 years changed a normal day, sentence 15 In 1796 Edward Jenner used cowpox to protect people from smallpox; earlier, people in China, India, Africa and the Ottoman Empire used a riskier method, and an enslaved African man, Onesimus, told Boston doctors about it in 1721. **Who acts:** Edward, people, enslaved African man · **What happens:** use, protect, enslave, tell · **To what, where:** cowpox, 1796, people, riskier method, Boston doctors, 1721 · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 years changed a normal day» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Edward, people, enslaved African man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:065-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day.lesson:15 # text = In 1796 Edward Jenner used cowpox to protect people from smallpox; earlier, people in China, India, Africa and the Ottoman Empire used a riskier method, and an enslaved African man, Onesimus, told Boston doctors about it in 1721. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 065-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 1796 1796 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 obl _ _ 3 Edward edward PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 Jenner jenner PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 flat _ _ 5 used use VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 cowpox cowpox NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 protect protect VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 advcl _ _ 9 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 10 from from ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 smallpox smallpox NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:nmod 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 earlier early ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 26 advmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 15 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 Ottoman ottoman NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 Empire Empire PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 26 used use VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 riskier risky ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 29 amod _ _ 29 method method NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 32 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 33 enslaved enslave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 amod _ _ 34 African African ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 37 Onesimus Onesimus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 appos _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 39 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 40 Boston Boston PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 compound _ _ 41 doctors doctor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 iobj _ _ 42 about about ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 obl _ _ 44 in in ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 45 1721 1721 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 39 obl _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | past | Edward | cowpox | | 1796 | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cowpox=Patient | | 2 | **protect** | to-infinitive | Edward *not said here* | | people | | | from smallpox | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent people=Beneficiary from smallpox=Theme | | 3 | **use** | past | people in China and India and Africa and the Ottoman Empire | a riskier method | | | | early *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent method=Patient | | 4 | **enslave** | participle | | | | | | | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | a enslaved African man | | Boston doctors | 1721 | | about method | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent doctor=Recipient about it=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:065-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Light, machines and medicine: how the…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/14/) - next →: [Light, machines and medicine: how the…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/)