--- title: Bell patented the telephone in 1876, though others such as Antonio M… — Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 y… · tree and pragmatics description: Bell patented the telephone in 1876, though others such as Antonio Meucci worked on similar ideas and credit is argued; radio spread in the 1920s and TV from the 1950s. Who acts: Bell, others, radio. A sentence of the lesson «Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 years changed a normal day» --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Light, machines and medicine: how the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/) / 22 # Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 years changed a normal day, sentence 22 Bell patented the telephone in 1876, though others such as Antonio Meucci worked on similar ideas and credit is argued; radio spread in the 1920s and TV from the 1950s. **Who acts:** Bell, others, radio · **What happens:** patent, work, argue, spread · **To what, where:** telephone, 1876, credit, 1920s This is a sentence of the lesson «Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 years changed a normal day» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bell, others, radio), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:065-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day.lesson:22 # text = Bell patented the telephone in 1876, though others such as Antonio Meucci worked on similar ideas and credit is argued; radio spread in the 1920s and TV from the 1950s. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 065-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Bell Bell PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 patented patent VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 telephone telephone NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 1876 1876 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 8 though though SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 9 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 10 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 12 case _ _ 11 as as ADP IN _ 10 fixed _ _ 12 Antonio Antonio PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 13 Meucci Meucci PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 flat _ _ 14 worked work VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 15 on on ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 similar similar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 ideas idea NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 credit credit NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj:pass _ _ 20 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux:pass _ _ 21 argued argue VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 conj _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 23 radio radio NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:compound 24 spread spread NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 conj _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 1920s 1920s NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 24 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:nmod 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 TV TV NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 30 from from ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 1950s 1950s NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 27 nmod _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **patent** | past | Bell | the telephone | | 1876 | | | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent telephone=Theme | | 2 | **work** | past | others such Antonio | | | | | on similar ideas | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on idea=Theme | | 3 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present · passive | | credit | | | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Topic | | 4 | **spread** | | radio | | | the 1920s from the 1950s and TV | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:065-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day.lesson:22`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Light, machines and medicine: how the…, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/21/) - next →: [Light, machines and medicine: how the…, 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/23/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/)