--- title: Many countries are young: Giulia's nonna, Italian for grandma, jokes… — From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms,… · tree and pragmatics description: Many countries are young: Giulia's nonna, Italian for grandma, jokes that Italy is younger than her favourite cathedral. Who acts: Many countries, Italy. A sentence of the lesson «From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires and countries» of the history course of Mova's primary school w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [From band to nation: families, tribes,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/) / 11 # From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires and countries, sentence 11 Many countries are young: Giulia's nonna, Italian for grandma, jokes that Italy is younger than her favourite cathedral. **Who acts:** Many countries, Italy · **What happens:** be This is a sentence of the lesson «From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires and countries» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many countries, Italy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:066-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries.lesson:11 # text = Many countries are young: Giulia's nonna, Italian for grandma, jokes that Italy is younger than her favourite cathedral. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 066-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 6 Giulia Giulia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod:poss _ _ 7 's 's PART POS _ 6 case _ _ 8 nonna nonna NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 Italian Italian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:amod 11 for for ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 grandma grandma NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 jokes joke NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 15 that that SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 16 Italy Italy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 17 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 18 younger young ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 14 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:acl:relcl 19 than than ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 20 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 21 favourite favourite ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 cathedral cathedral NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 23 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Many countries | | | | | Giulia's nonna jokes *obl*; young *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | present | Italy | | | | | than Italy's favourite cathedral; young *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:066-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [From band to nation: families, tribes,…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/10/) - next →: [From band to nation: families, tribes,…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/)