---
title: In many parts of Europe surnames became common only between about 13… — From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms,… · tree and pragmatics
description: In many parts of Europe surnames became common only between about 1300 and 1800; Iceland still names people after a parent, so Erik's son ends his name in -son and Erik's daughter ends hers in -dóttir, «daughter», while China has used family names much longer. Who acts: surnames, Iceland, son, daugh
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/22/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [From band to nation: families, tribes,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/) / 22

# From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires and countries, sentence 22

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In many parts of Europe surnames became common only between about 1300 and 1800; Iceland still names people after a parent, so Erik's son ends his name in -son and Erik's daughter ends hers in -dóttir, «daughter», while China has used family names much longer.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** surnames, Iceland, son, daughter, China · **What happens:** become, name, end, use · **To what, where:** many parts, people, name, Iceland, dóttir, family names

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires and countries» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (surnames, Iceland, son, daughter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:066-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries.lesson:22
# text = In many parts of Europe surnames became common only between about 1300 and 1800; Iceland still names people after a parent, so Erik's son ends his name in -son and Erik's daughter ends hers in -dóttir, «daughter», while China has used family names much longer.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 066-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	surnames	surname	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	between	between	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	about	about	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	1300	1300	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	1800	1800	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	conj	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	Iceland	Iceland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	still	still	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	names	name	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:conj
19	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:xcomp
20	after	after	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	so	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=28:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_
25	Erik	Erik	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod:poss	_	_
26	's	's	PART	POS	_	25	case	_	_
27	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
28	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	31	punct	_	_
33	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
35	Erik	Erik	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod:poss	_	_
36	's	's	PART	POS	_	35	case	_	_
37	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj	_	_
38	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
39	hers	her	PRON	PRP	Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	obj	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	40	punct	_	_
42	dóttir	dóttir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
44	«	«	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
45	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	conj	_	_
46	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	45	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=53:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
48	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	51	mark	_	_
49	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	nsubj	_	_
50	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	51	aux	_	_
51	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
52	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	compound	_	_
53	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	obj	_	_
54	much	much	ADV	RB	_	55	advmod	_	_
55	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	51	advmod	_	_
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | surnames |  |  |  |  | in many parts of Europe *result*; between 1300; common *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in part=Result |
| 2 | **name** | present | Iceland | people |  |  | after a parent; still |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
| 3 | **end** | present | Erik's son | son's name |  |  |  | in son | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector name=Eventuality |
| 4 | **end** | present | Erik's daughter | Iceland |  | dóttir and « daughter |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector her=Eventuality |
| 5 | **use** | present · perfect | China | family names |  |  |  | long *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient |
| 6 | **name** |  | son |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:066-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries.lesson:22`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [From band to nation: families, tribes,…, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/21/)
- next →: [From band to nation: families, tribes,…, 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/23/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/)