--- title: Many peoples found ways to share decisions: Iceland's Althing met fr… — Who decides: kings, councils, republics and demo… · tree and pragmatics description: Many peoples found ways to share decisions: Iceland's Althing met from 930, which Freyja calls «pretty boss», Scouse slang for brilliant; the Haudenosaunee joined their nations in a council of peace; Poland-Lithuania elected its kings. Who acts: Many peoples, Althing, Freyja, Haudenosaunee. A senten --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Who decides: kings, councils, republic…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies/) / 7 # Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies, sentence 7 Many peoples found ways to share decisions: Iceland's Althing met from 930, which Freyja calls «pretty boss», Scouse slang for brilliant; the Haudenosaunee joined their nations in a council of peace; Poland-Lithuania elected its kings. **Who acts:** Many peoples, Althing, Freyja, Haudenosaunee, Poland Lithuania · **What happens:** find, share, meet, call, join, elect · **To what, where:** ways, decisions, 930, pretty boss, nations, council · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many peoples, Althing, Freyja, Haudenosaunee), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:067-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies.lesson:7 # text = Many peoples found ways to share decisions: Iceland's Althing met from 930, which Freyja calls «pretty boss», Scouse slang for brilliant; the Haudenosaunee joined their nations in a council of peace; Poland-Lithuania elected its kings. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 067-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 peoples people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 ways way NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 share share VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 acl _ _ 7 decisions decision NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 9 Iceland Iceland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nmod:poss _ _ 10 's 's PART POS _ 9 case _ _ 11 Althing Althing PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 met meet VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 13 from from ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 930 930 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 12 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 obj _ _ 17 Freyja Freyja PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:compound 18 calls call VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 19 « « PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ _ 20 pretty pretty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 21 boss boss NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 xcomp _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=18:xcomp|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 22 » » PUNCT '' _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=18:punct 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 Scouse scouse NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 slang slang NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 appos _ _ 26 for for ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 brilliant brilliant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 nmod _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 Haudenosaunee Haudenosaunee PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 31 joined join VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 32 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 nations nation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 council council NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 peace peace NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod _ _ 39 ; ; PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 40 Poland Poland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 42 compound _ _ 41 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 40 punct _ _ 42 Lithuania Lithuania PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 nsubj _ _ 43 elected elect VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 44 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ _ 45 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 obj _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **find** | past | Many peoples | ways | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic | | 2 | **share** | to-infinitive | Many peoples *not said here* | decisions | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **meet** | past | Iceland's Althing | | | 930 | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **call** | present | Freyja | pretty boss | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient | | 5 | **join** | past | the Haudenosaunee | ways's nations | | a council of peace | | | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nation=Patient | | 6 | **elect** | past | Poland Lithuania | Haudenosaunee's kings | | | | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:067-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Who decides: kings, councils, republic…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies/6/) - next →: [Who decides: kings, councils, republic…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies/)