--- title: Britain started income tax in 1799 to pay for wars against Napoleon;… — Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through… · tree and pragmatics description: Britain started income tax in 1799 to pay for wars against Napoleon; it was dropped and brought back several times and became permanent. Who acts: Britain. A sentence of the lesson «Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Rules, courts, police, taxes and armie…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/) / 15 # Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time, sentence 15 Britain started income tax in 1799 to pay for wars against Napoleon; it was dropped and brought back several times and became permanent. **Who acts:** Britain · **What happens:** start, pay, drop, bring back, become · **To what, where:** income tax, 1799, tax This is a sentence of the lesson «Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Britain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:068-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time.lesson:15 # text = Britain started income tax in 1799 to pay for wars against Napoleon; it was dropped and brought back several times and became permanent. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 068-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 started start VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 income income NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 tax tax NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 1799 1799 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 pay pay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ _ 9 for for ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 wars war NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 11 against against ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 Napoleon Napoleon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj:pass _ _ 15 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux:pass _ _ 16 dropped drop VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 conj _ _ 19 back back ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 20 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl:unmarked _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj 24 permanent permanent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 xcomp _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | past | Britain | income tax | | 1799 | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tax=Eventuality | | 2 | **pay** | to-infinitive | Britain *not said here* | | | | | for wars against Napoleon | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for war=Theme | | 3 | **drop** | past · passive | | tax | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **bring back** | participle | | | | | time | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **become** | past | | | | | | permanent *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:068-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rules, courts, police, taxes and armie…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/14/) - next →: [Rules, courts, police, taxes and armie…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/)