--- title: Think of a playground argument: you can toss a coin, or you can ask… — Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through… · tree and pragmatics description: Think of a playground argument: you can toss a coin, or you can ask witnesses what they saw. Who acts: you, witnesses. A sentence of the lesson «Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Rules, courts, police, taxes and armie…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/) / 3 # Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time, sentence 3 Think of a playground argument: you can toss a coin, or you can ask witnesses what they saw. **Who acts:** you, witnesses · **What happens:** think, toss, ask, see · **To what, where:** coin, witnesses · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, witnesses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:068-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time.lesson:3 # text = Think of a playground argument: you can toss a coin, or you can ask witnesses what they saw. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 068-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Think think VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 playground playground NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 argument argument NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 7 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 8 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 toss toss VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 parataxis _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 coin coin NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 or or CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 14 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 15 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 ask ask VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 conj _ _ 17 witnesses witness NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 iobj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:obj 18 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 20 obj _ _ 19 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 ccomp _ _ 21 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: suggest - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=suggest | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **think** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | of a playground argument | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **toss** | can | you | a coin | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Patient | | 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | can | you | | witnesses | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent witness=Recipient clause=Topic | | 4 | **see** | past | witnesses *= witness* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:068-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rules, courts, police, taxes and armie…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/2/) - next →: [Rules, courts, police, taxes and armie…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/)