--- title: Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in prison under apartheid, South Afric… — Rights won step by step: freedom, votes and chil… · tree and pragmatics description: Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in prison under apartheid, South Africa's laws separating people by race, then became president in 1994. Who acts: Nelson, laws. A sentence of the lesson «Rights won step by step: freedom, votes and children's rights» of the history course of Mova's primary school with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Rights won step by step: freedom, vote…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights/) / 14 # Rights won step by step: freedom, votes and children's rights, sentence 14 Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in prison under apartheid, South Africa's laws separating people by race, then became president in 1994. **Who acts:** Nelson, laws · **What happens:** spend, separate, become · **To what, where:** prison, people, president, 1994 This is a sentence of the lesson «Rights won step by step: freedom, votes and children's rights» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nelson, laws), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:069-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights.lesson:14 # text = Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in prison under apartheid, South Africa's laws separating people by race, then became president in 1994. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 069-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Nelson Nelson PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 Mandela Mandela PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat _ _ 3 spent spend VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 27 27 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 5 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 prison prison NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 8 under under ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 apartheid apartheid NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 South South PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nmod:poss _ _ 13 's 's PART POS _ 12 case _ _ 14 laws law NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:nsubj 15 separating separate VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:advcl 16 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ _ 17 by by ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 race race NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 21 advmod _ _ 21 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 22 president president NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 xcomp _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 1994 1994 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 obl _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spend** | past | Nelson | | | prison | year | under apartheid | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **separate** | gerund | South Africa's laws *not said here* | people | | | | by race | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient | | 3 | **become** | past | Nelson *not said here* | president | | | then | in 1994 *result* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1994=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:069-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rights won step by step: freedom, vote…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights/13/) - next →: [Rights won step by step: freedom, vote…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/69-rights-won-step-by-step-freedom-votes-and-children-s-rights/)