--- title: The cities slowly emptied, probably as rivers changed course and the… — Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first ki… · tree and pragmatics description: The cities slowly emptied, probably as rivers changed course and the climate dried. Who acts: cities, rivers, climate. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first kingdoms» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/7-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ancient India: the Indus cities and th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/7-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms/) / 4 # Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first kingdoms, sentence 4 The cities slowly emptied, probably as rivers changed course and the climate dried. **Who acts:** cities, rivers, climate · **What happens:** empty, change, dry · **To what, where:** course This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first kingdoms» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cities, rivers, climate), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:007-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms.lesson:4 # text = The cities slowly emptied, probably as rivers changed course and the climate dried. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 007-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 emptied empty VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 6 probably probably ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:advmod 7 as as SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 8 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 changed change VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ _ 10 course course NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 climate climate NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 dried dry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 15 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **empty** | past | the cities | | | | | slowly *property* | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source | | 2 | **change** | past | rivers | course | | | | probably *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Patient | | 3 | **dry** | past | the climate | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:007-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient India: the Indus cities and th…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/7-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms/3/) - next →: [Ancient India: the Indus cities and th…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/7-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/7-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms/)