--- title: Most languages call tea «te» or «cha»: words like «tea» came by sea… — What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words… · tree and pragmatics description: Most languages call tea «te» or «cha»: words like «tea» came by sea from the coast of China, where people said «te», and words like «chai» and «çay» came by land routes from places that said «cha». Who acts: Most languages, people, words, places. A sentence of the lesson «What trade carried: tomatoe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, hor…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/) / 14 # What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases, sentence 14 Most languages call tea «te» or «cha»: words like «tea» came by sea from the coast of China, where people said «te», and words like «chai» and «çay» came by land routes from places that said «cha». **Who acts:** Most languages, people, words, places · **What happens:** call, come, say · **To what, where:** tea, coast, te · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most languages, people, words, places), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson:14 # text = Most languages call tea «te» or «cha»: words like «tea» came by sea from the coast of China, where people said «te», and words like «chai» and «çay» came by land routes from places that said «cha». # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×5, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 2 amod _ _ 2 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 call call VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 parataxis _ _ 4 tea tea NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 « « PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 6 te te X GW _ 4 appos _ _ 7 » » PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=11:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 8 or or CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 9 « « PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 10 cha cha NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:compound 11 » » X NN _ 6 flat _ _ 12 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 13 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 14 like like ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 « « DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 tea tea NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 17 » » PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 18 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 19 by by ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 21 from from ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 coast coast NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 29 advmod _ _ 28 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 29 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 parataxis _ _ 30 « « PUNCT `` _ 31 punct _ _ 31 te te NOUN GW Number=Sing|Typo=Yes 29 obj _ _ 32 » » PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 nsubj _ _ 36 like like ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 « « DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 chai chai NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 39 » » PUNCT '' _ 38 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=38:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=38:cc 41 « « PUNCT `` _ 42 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=40:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 42 çay çay X GW _ 38 conj _ _ 43 » » PUNCT '' _ 42 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=31:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 44 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 45 by by ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 compound _ _ 47 routes route NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 obl _ _ 48 from from ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 nmod _ _ 50 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 51 nsubj _ _ 51 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 49 acl:relcl _ _ 52 « « ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 cha cha NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 compound _ _ 54 » » NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ _ 55 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=18:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** | present | Most languages | tea | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tea=Recipient | | 2 | **come** | past | | | | the coast of China | | by sea | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from coast=Initial\_Location | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | people | te | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent te=Topic | | 4 | **come** | past | words like « chai | | | | | by land routes from places | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by route=Location | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | places | | | | | « cha » | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×5, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, hor…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/13/) - next →: [What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, hor…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/)