--- title: Tomatoes come from the Americas; they reached Europe in the 1500s, I… — What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words… · tree and pragmatics description: Tomatoes come from the Americas; they reached Europe in the 1500s, Italians first grew them as curiosities, and tomato sauce became common in Italy only in the 1700s and 1800s. Who acts: Tomatoes, Italians, tomato sauce. A sentence of the lesson «What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, rel --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, hor…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/) / 5 # What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases, sentence 5 Tomatoes come from the Americas; they reached Europe in the 1500s, Italians first grew them as curiosities, and tomato sauce became common in Italy only in the 1700s and 1800s. **Who acts:** Tomatoes, Italians, tomato sauce · **What happens:** come, reach, grow, become · **To what, where:** Americas, Europe, 1500s, tomatoes, 1700s This is a sentence of the lesson «What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tomatoes, Italians, tomato sauce), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson:5 # text = Tomatoes come from the Americas; they reached Europe in the 1500s, Italians first grew them as curiosities, and tomato sauce became common in Italy only in the 1700s and 1800s. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Tomatoes tomato NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 from from ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 Americas Americas PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 6 ; ; PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 8 reached reach VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 9 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 1500s 1500 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 8 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=14:punct 14 Italians italian PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 15 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 16 advmod _ _ 16 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 17 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ _ 18 as as ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 curiosities curiosity NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 tomato tomato NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 sauce sauce NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 24 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 25 common common ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 xcomp _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 Italy Italy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 28 only only ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 1700s 1700 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 24 obl _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 1800s 1800 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 31 conj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=16:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | present | Tomatoes | | | the Americas | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from americas=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **reach** | past | tomatoes *= tomato* | Europe | | the 1500s | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent europe=Theme | | 3 | **grow** | past | Italians | tomatoes *= tomato* | | | | as curiosities; first *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location they=Theme | | 4 | **become** | past | tomato sauce | | | | | in the 1700s and 1800s *result*; common *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1700=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, hor…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/4/) - next →: [What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, hor…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/)