--- title: Sugar cane was first grown in New Guinea, and people in India first… — What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words… · tree and pragmatics description: Sugar cane was first grown in New Guinea, and people in India first made crystal sugar; from the 1500s Europeans set up sugar plantations in Brazil and the Caribbean worked by enslaved Africans. Who acts: people, Europeans, sugar plantations. A sentence of the lesson «What trade carried: tomatoes, t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, hor…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/) / 8 # What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases, sentence 8 Sugar cane was first grown in New Guinea, and people in India first made crystal sugar; from the 1500s Europeans set up sugar plantations in Brazil and the Caribbean worked by enslaved Africans. **Who acts:** people, Europeans, sugar plantations · **What happens:** grow, make, set up, work, enslave · **To what, where:** Sugar cane, New Guinea, crystal sugar, sugar plantations, 1500s This is a sentence of the lesson «What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, Europeans, sugar plantations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson:8 # text = Sugar cane was first grown in New Guinea, and people in India first made crystal sugar; from the 1500s Europeans set up sugar plantations in Brazil and the Caribbean worked by enslaved Africans. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 cane cane NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 4 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 5 advmod _ _ 5 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 New New PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 Guinea Guinea PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 11 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 14 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 15 advmod _ _ 15 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 16 crystal crystal NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 17 sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 19 from from ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 1500s 1500 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 23 obl _ _ 22 Europeans European PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 set set VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 24 up up ADP RP _ 23 compound:prt _ _ 25 sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 plantations plantation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 Brazil Brazil PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 Caribbean Caribbean PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 32 worked work VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 acl _ _ 33 by by ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 enslaved enslave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 amod _ _ 35 Africans African PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 32 obl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | past · passive | | Sugar cane | | New Guinea | | first *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **make** | past | people in India | crystal sugar | | | | first *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Product | | 3 | **set up** | past | Europeans | sugar plantations | | the 1500s | | in Brazil and the Caribbean | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent plantation=Theme in brazil=Destination | | 4 | **work** | past | sugar plantations *not said here* | | | | | by enslaved Africans | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **enslave** | participle | | | | | | | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:071-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, hor…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/7/) - next →: [What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, hor…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/)