--- title: In «Guns, Germs and Steel» (1997) Jared Diamond argued that geograph… — Why some places grew rich · tree and pragmatics description: In «Guns, Germs and Steel» (1997) Jared Diamond argued that geography, plants and animals gave some regions an early lead; many historians reply that he left out people's choices and politics, so the idea is contested. Who acts: Jared, geography, many historians. A sentence of the lesson «Why some p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/72-why-some-places-grew-rich/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Why some places grew rich](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/72-why-some-places-grew-rich/) / 6 # Why some places grew rich, sentence 6 In «Guns, Germs and Steel» (1997) Jared Diamond argued that geography, plants and animals gave some regions an early lead; many historians reply that he left out people's choices and politics, so the idea is contested. **Who acts:** Jared, geography, many historians · **What happens:** argue, give, reply, leave out, contest · **To what, where:** « Guns, early lead, regions, choices, idea · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Why some places grew rich» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jared, geography, many historians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:072-why-some-places-grew-rich.lesson:6 # text = In «Guns, Germs and Steel» (1997) Jared Diamond argued that geography, plants and animals gave some regions an early lead; many historians reply that he left out people's choices and politics, so the idea is contested. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 072-why-some-places-grew-rich.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 « « NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 Guns gun PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 14 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 4 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 5 Germs germ PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 3 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 Steel steel NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 » » NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 9 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 10 punct _ _ 10 1997 1997 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:appos 11 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 10 punct _ _ 12 Jared Jared PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 13 Diamond Diamond PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 flat _ _ 14 argued argue VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 that that SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 16 geography geography NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:appos 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 conj _ _ 21 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 ccomp _ _ 22 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 23 det _ _ 23 regions region NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 iobj _ _ 24 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 early early ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 lead lead NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 historians historian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 30 reply reply VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:conj 31 that that SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 32 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 left leave VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 ccomp _ _ 34 out out ADP RP _ 33 compound:prt _ _ 35 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nmod:poss _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=33:obj 36 's 's PART POS _ 35 case _ _ 37 choices choice NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=35:conj 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 politics politics NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 37 conj _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 41 so so ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 idea idea NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nsubj:pass _ _ 44 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 45 aux:pass _ _ 45 contested contest VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 conj _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | past | Jared | | | « Guns 1997 and Germs and Steel » | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **give** | past | geography and plants and animals | a early lead | some regions | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent region=Recipient lead=Theme | | 3 | **reply** *speech: assert* | present | many historians | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **leave out** | past | Jared | people's choices and politics | | | | | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent choice=Theme | | 5 | **contest** | present · passive | | the idea | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:072-why-some-places-grew-rich.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why some places grew rich, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/72-why-some-places-grew-rich/5/) - next →: [Why some places grew rich, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/72-why-some-places-grew-rich/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/72-why-some-places-grew-rich/)