--- title: People still came, because cities had what villages lacked: jobs, ma… — Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers… · tree and pragmatics description: People still came, because cities had what villages lacked: jobs, markets, temples, schools, doctors and walls for safety; in Europa Universalis you just click «develop» on a province, but real cities grew where farms had extra food and traders met. Who acts: People, cities, villages, you. A sentenc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Cities: why they grow, and how water a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/) / 1 # Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe, sentence 1 People still came, because cities had what villages lacked: jobs, markets, temples, schools, doctors and walls for safety; in Europa Universalis you just click «develop» on a province, but real cities grew where farms had extra food and traders met. **Who acts:** People, cities, villages, you, real cities, farms · **What happens:** come, have, lack, click, develop, grow · **To what, where:** jobs, Europa, province, extra food This is a sentence of the lesson «Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, cities, villages, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:073-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe.lesson:1 # text = People still came, because cities had what villages lacked: jobs, markets, temples, schools, doctors and walls for safety; in Europa Universalis you just click «develop» on a province, but real cities grew where farms had extra food and traders met. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 073-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1 1 People people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 still still ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 5 because because SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 6 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 7 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 8 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 7 obj _ _ 9 villages village NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 10 lacked lack VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 12 jobs job NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 markets market NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 temples temple NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 schools school NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 doctors doctor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 walls wall NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=20:conj 23 for for ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 safety safety NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 Europa Europa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 28 Universalis Universalis PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 flat _ _ 29 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 30 just just ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 click click VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 32 « « PUNCT `` _ 33 punct _ _ 33 develop develop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 xcomp _ _ 34 » » PUNCT '' _ 33 punct _ _ 35 on on ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 province province NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 39 but but CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 40 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 nsubj _ _ 42 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 43 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 45 advmod _ _ 44 farms farm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 45 nsubj _ _ 45 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 advcl _ _ 46 extra extra ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 amod _ _ 47 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obj _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 49 traders trader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 50 nsubj _ _ 50 met meet VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 45 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:conj 51 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | People | | | | still | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **have** | past | cities | | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient | | 3 | **lack** | past | villages | jobs and markets and temples and schools and doctors for safety and walls | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **click** | infinitive | you | | | Europa | | | tree rules | | 5 | **develop** *in a quote* | infinitive | you *not said here* | a province | | | | | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent province=Product | | 6 | **grow** | past | real cities | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **have** | past | farms | extra food | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient | | 8 | **meet** | past | traders | | | | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:073-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Cities: why they grow, and how water a…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/0/) - next →: [Cities: why they grow, and how water a…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/)