--- title: Then, step by step, cities learned to keep people alive: a doctor in… — Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers… · tree and pragmatics description: Then, step by step, cities learned to keep people alive: a doctor in London mapped where people fell ill and found a poisoned water pump, an engineer built huge sewers after a summer called the Great Stink, and new rules followed fires and floods. Who acts: cities, people, engineer, summer. A senten --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Cities: why they grow, and how water a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/) / 2 # Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe, sentence 2 Then, step by step, cities learned to keep people alive: a doctor in London mapped where people fell ill and found a poisoned water pump, an engineer built huge sewers after a summer called the Great Stink, and new rules followed fires and floods. **Who acts:** cities, people, engineer, summer, step · **What happens:** learn, keep, map, fall, find, poison · **To what, where:** step, people, doctor, poisoned water pump, huge sewers, Great Stink · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Cities: why they grow, and how water and sewers made them safe» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cities, people, engineer, summer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:073-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe.lesson:2 # text = Then, step by step, cities learned to keep people alive: a doctor in London mapped where people fell ill and found a poisoned water pump, an engineer built huge sewers after a summer called the Great Stink, and new rules followed fires and floods. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 073-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 8 advmod _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 step step NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 step step NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 learned learn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp _ _ 11 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 12 alive alive ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 xcomp _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 doctor doctor NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj:pass _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 London London PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 mapped map VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 21 advmod _ _ 20 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 21 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 22 ill ill ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 26 poisoned poison VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 amod _ _ 27 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 pump pump NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 engineer engineer NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 appos _ _ 32 built build VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 acl _ _ 33 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 sewers sewer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 35 after after ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 38 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 37 acl _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 Great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 Stink stink NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 xcomp _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 44 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 rules rule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 nsubj:pass _ _ 46 followed follow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=18:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 47 fires fire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 obj _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 49 floods flood NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 conj _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **learn** | past | cities | step by step | | | then | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | cities *not said here* | people | | | | alive *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme | | 3 | **map** | past · passive | | a doctor in London | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **fall** | past | people | | | | | ill *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **find** | past | people *not said here* | a poisoned water pump | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pump=Topic | | 6 | **poison** | participle | | | | | | | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **build** | participle | a engineer *not said here* | huge sewers | | | summer | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sewer=Product | | 8 | **call** | participle | a summer *not said here* | the Great Stink | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **follow** | past · passive | | new rules | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: subject=Theme fire=Attribute | | 10 | **step** | | step | | | | | | nom step «act transitive»: by=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:073-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Cities: why they grow, and how water a…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/1/) - next →: [Cities: why they grow, and how water a…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/73-cities-why-they-grow-and-how-sewers-made-them-safe/)