--- title: The first skyscraper, built in Chicago in 1885, had about 10 floors;… — Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every… · tree and pragmatics description: The first skyscraper, built in Chicago in 1885, had about 10 floors; the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, opened in 2010, is 828 metres tall. Who acts: first skyscraper, Burj Khalifa. A sentence of the lesson «Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and of today» of the history course of Mova's p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/74-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Cities then and now: the biggest citie…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/74-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today/) / 10 # Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and of today, sentence 10 The first skyscraper, built in Chicago in 1885, had about 10 floors; the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, opened in 2010, is 828 metres tall. **Who acts:** first skyscraper, Burj Khalifa · **What happens:** build, have, open, be · **To what, where:** first skyscraper, 10 floors, Burj Khalifa, 2010 This is a sentence of the lesson «Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and of today» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first skyscraper, Burj Khalifa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:074-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today.lesson:10 # text = The first skyscraper, built in Chicago in 1885, had about 10 floors; the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, opened in 2010, is 828 metres tall. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 074-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 3 amod _ _ 3 skyscraper skyscraper NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 5 built build VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 acl _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Chicago Chicago PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 1885 1885 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 parataxis _ _ 12 about about ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 floors floor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 Burj Burj PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 Khalifa Khalifa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 Dubai Dubai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 opened open VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 acl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=18:acl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 2010 2010 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 22 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 27 828 828 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 28 nummod _ _ 28 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl:unmarked _ _ 29 tall tall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 29 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **build** | participle | | the first skyscraper *not said here* | | | | in 1885; in Chicago | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in chicago=Attribute | | 2 | **have** | past | the first skyscraper | 10 floors | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent floor=Patient | | 3 | **open** | participle | | the Burj Khalifa in Dubai *not said here* | | 2010 | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 2010=Location | | 4 | **is** | present | the Burj Khalifa in Dubai | | | | | 828 metres *obl:unmarked*; tall *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:074-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Cities then and now: the biggest citie…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/74-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today/9/) - next →: [Cities then and now: the biggest citie…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/74-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/74-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today/)