--- title: In the 1100s scholars in Toledo, in Spain, translated Arabic books i… — Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, ches… · tree and pragmatics description: In the 1100s scholars in Toledo, in Spain, translated Arabic books into Latin, bringing Greek and Arab science to European readers. Who acts: scholars. A sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its depend --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/) / 17 # Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news, sentence 17 In the 1100s scholars in Toledo, in Spain, translated Arabic books into Latin, bringing Greek and Arab science to European readers. **Who acts:** scholars · **What happens:** translate, bring · **To what, where:** 1100s, Latin, Greek science, European readers This is a sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scholars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:17 # text = In the 1100s scholars in Toledo, in Spain, translated Arabic books into Latin, bringing Greek and Arab science to European readers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:det 3 1100s 1100 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 11 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:compound 4 scholars scholar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:obl 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Toledo Toledo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 Spain Spain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 11 translated translate VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 Arabic Arabic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 books book NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 14 into into ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Latin Latin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:nmod 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 bringing bring VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 advcl _ _ 18 Greek Greek ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 Arab Arab ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 conj _ _ 21 science science NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 22 to to ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 European European ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 readers reader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **translate** | past | scholars in Toledo in Spain | the 1100s | | | | into Latin *result* | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent book=Patient into latin=Result | | 2 | **bring** | gerund | scholars in Toledo in Spain *not said here* | Greek science | | European readers | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent science=Theme to reader=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/16/) - next →: [When civilizations meet: conquest, col…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/)