--- title: The letter A began as a little drawing of an ox's head, paper crept… — Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, ches… · tree and pragmatics description: The letter A began as a little drawing of an ox's head, paper crept from China to Spain over a thousand years, chess was born in India, and a Cinderella story was written down in China around 850, long before any cartoon. Who acts: letter, paper, head. A sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: nu --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/) / 2 # Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news, sentence 2 The letter A began as a little drawing of an ox's head, paper crept from China to Spain over a thousand years, chess was born in India, and a Cinderella story was written down in China around 850, long before any cartoon. **Who acts:** letter, paper, head · **What happens:** begin, creep, bear, write down, draw · **To what, where:** Spain, China, chess, India, Cinderella story This is a sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (letter, paper, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:2 # text = The letter A began as a little drawing of an ox's head, paper crept from China to Spain over a thousand years, chess was born in India, and a Cinderella story was written down in China around 850, long before any cartoon. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:det 2 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:compound 3 A A NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 as as ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 drawing drawing NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 10 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 ox ox NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod:poss _ _ 12 's 's PART POS _ 11 case _ _ 13 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 paper paper NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 crept creep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 17 from from ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 19 to to ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 Spain Spain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 21 over over ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 24 nummod _ _ 24 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=24:punct 26 chess chess NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj:pass _ _ 27 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux:pass _ _ 28 born bear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 conj _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 34 Cinderella Cinderella PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 compound _ _ 35 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj:pass _ _ 36 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 37 aux:pass _ _ 37 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 38 down down ADP RP _ 37 compound:prt _ _ 39 in in ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 41 around around ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 42 850 850 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 37 obl _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 44 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 37 advmod _ _ 45 before before ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 47 det _ _ 47 cartoon cartoon NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=44:obl 48 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **begin** | past | the letter | | | | | as a little drawing of a ox's head | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **creep** | past | paper | | Spain | China | year | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to spain=Destination | | 3 | **bear** | past · passive | | chess | | India | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **write down** | past · passive | | a Cinderella story | | China | before any cartoon | 850 *obl*; long *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in china=Destination | | 5 | **draw** | | a ox's head | | | | | | nom drawing «communication intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/1/) - next →: [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/)