--- title: News used to travel at the speed of a horse or a ship; now it flies… — Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, ches… · tree and pragmatics description: News used to travel at the speed of a horse or a ship; now it flies round the world in seconds, true and false alike, and studies suggest false stories can spread even faster than true ones. Who acts: News, studies, false stories. A sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/) / 3 # Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news, sentence 3 News used to travel at the speed of a horse or a ship; now it flies round the world in seconds, true and false alike, and studies suggest false stories can spread even faster than true ones. **Who acts:** News, studies, false stories · **What happens:** use, travel, fly, suggest, spread · **To what, where:** speed, world · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (News, studies, false stories), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:3 # text = News used to travel at the speed of a horse or a ship; now it flies round the world in seconds, true and false alike, and studies suggest false stories can spread even faster than true ones. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 News news NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 used use VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 to to PART TO _ 4 mark _ _ 4 travel travel VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp _ _ 5 at at ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 speed speed NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 or or CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 ship ship NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 15 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 17 advmod _ _ 16 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 flies fly VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 18 round round ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 seconds second NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 false false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ _ 27 alike alike ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 31 suggest suggest VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 32 false false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 stories story NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ _ 34 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 35 spread spread VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 ccomp _ _ 36 even even ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 37 faster fast ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 35 advmod _ _ 38 than than ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obl _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | past | News | | | | | | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **travel** | to-infinitive | News *not said here* | | | the speed of a horse or a ship | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at speed=Trajectory | | 3 | **fly** | present | News | | | the world | now; second | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round world=Trajectory | | 4 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | present | studies | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **spread** | can | false stories | | | | | fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/2/) - next →: [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/)