--- title: Our digits came from India, spread through scholars writing in Arabi… — Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, ches… · tree and pragmatics description: Our digits came from India, spread through scholars writing in Arabic such as al-Khwarizmi around 825, and reached Europe through writers such as Fibonacci in 1202. Who acts: digits, scholars. A sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/) / 5 # Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news, sentence 5 Our digits came from India, spread through scholars writing in Arabic such as al-Khwarizmi around 825, and reached Europe through writers such as Fibonacci in 1202. **Who acts:** digits, scholars · **What happens:** come, spread, write, reach · **To what, where:** 825, India, scholars, Arabic, Europe, writers This is a sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (digits, scholars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:5 # text = Our digits came from India, spread through scholars writing in Arabic such as al-Khwarizmi around 825, and reached Europe through writers such as Fibonacci in 1202. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 digits digit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 spread spread VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:acl 8 through through ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 scholars scholar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:nmod 10 writing write VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 acl _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 Arabic Arabic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 13 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 15 case _ _ 14 as as ADP IN _ 13 fixed _ _ 15 al Al PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 16 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 17 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=15:punct 17 Khwarizmi Khwarizmi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 flat _ _ 18 around around ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 825 825 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 reached reach VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 23 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 24 through through ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 writers writer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 26 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 28 case _ _ 27 as as ADP IN _ 26 fixed _ _ 28 Fibonacci Fibonacci PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 1202 1202 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 22 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | Our digits | 825 | | India | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from india=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **spread** | participle | Our digits *not said here* | | | scholars | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through scholar=Location | | 3 | **write** | gerund | scholars *not said here* | | | Arabic | | such al | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **reach** | past | Our digits *not said here* | Europe | | writers such Fibonacci | | in 1202 | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent europe=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/4/) - next →: [Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, let…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/)