--- title: Britain ruled most of India from 1858 to 1947, after the East India… — When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and… · tree and pragmatics description: Britain ruled most of India from 1858 to 1947, after the East India Company; it built railways and courts, but took wealth, and several terrible famines happened, and historians still argue how to weigh the good and the harm. Who acts: Britain, Company, several terrible famines, historians. A senten --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [When civilizations meet: conquest, col…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/) / 8 # When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides, sentence 8 Britain ruled most of India from 1858 to 1947, after the East India Company; it built railways and courts, but took wealth, and several terrible famines happened, and historians still argue how to weigh the good and the harm. **Who acts:** Britain, Company, several terrible famines, historians · **What happens:** rule, build, take, happen, argue, weigh · **To what, where:** most, 1858, railways, wealth, good This is a sentence of the lesson «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Britain, Company, several terrible famines, historians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:076-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides.lesson:8 # text = Britain ruled most of India from 1858 to 1947, after the East India Company; it built railways and courts, but took wealth, and several terrible famines happened, and historians still argue how to weigh the good and the harm. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 076-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 ruled rule VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 2 obj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 1858 1858 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 8 to to ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 1947 1947 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 11 after after ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 13 East East PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:compound 14 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 Company Company PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 built build VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 19 railways railway NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 courts court NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 conj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 but but CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 25 wealth wealth NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 28 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 29 terrible terrible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 famines famine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 31 happened happen VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 34 historians historian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ _ 35 still still ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 argue argue VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ _ 37 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 39 advmod _ _ 38 to to PART TO _ 39 mark _ _ 39 weigh weigh VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 xcomp _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 obj _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 harm harm NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 conj _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rule** | past | Britain | most of India | | 1858 to 1947 | after the India Company | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Theme | | 2 | **build** | past | Company | railways and courts | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material railway=Product | | 3 | **take** | past | Company *not said here* | wealth | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wealth=Theme | | 4 | **happen** | past | several terrible famines | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present | historians | | | | still | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **weigh** | to-infinitive | historians *not said here* | the good and the harm | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme good=Value | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:076-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [When civilizations meet: conquest, col…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/7/) - next →: [When civilizations meet: conquest, col…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/)