---
title: Fewer than 20 books from before the Spanish conquest survive from Me… — What was lost and what was gained: languages, fo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Fewer than 20 books from before the Spanish conquest survive from Mexico and Central America, because many were burned by Spanish priests or lost. Who acts: 20 books, Spanish priests. A sentence of the lesson «What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge» of the history c
---

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# What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge, sentence 10

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Fewer than 20 books from before the Spanish conquest survive from Mexico and Central America, because many were burned by Spanish priests or lost.

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**Who acts:** 20 books, Spanish priests · **What happens:** survive, burn, lose · **To what, where:** Mexico, many

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This is a sentence of the lesson «What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (20 books, Spanish priests), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:077-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained.lesson:10
# text = Fewer than 20 books from before the Spanish conquest survive from Mexico and Central America, because many were burned by Spanish priests or lost.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 077-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Fewer	few	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
2	than	than	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	conquest	conquest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
10	survive	survive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	Central	Central	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	flat	_	_
15	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
21	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **survive** | present | 20 books from the Spanish conquest |  |  | Mexico and Central America |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **burn** | past · passive | Spanish priests | many |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 3 | **lose** | participle | Spanish priests *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:077-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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