--- title: The mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata, about 1,500 years ago, e… — Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers · tree and pragmatics description: The mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata, about 1,500 years ago, explained that the Earth spins and worked out the value of pi very accurately. Who acts: mathematician, Earth. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers» of the history course of Mova's primary school with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our nu…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/) / 13 # Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers, sentence 13 The mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata, about 1,500 years ago, explained that the Earth spins and worked out the value of pi very accurately. **Who acts:** mathematician, Earth · **What happens:** explain, spin, work out, value · **To what, where:** value, pi · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mathematician, Earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:008-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers.lesson:13 # text = The mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata, about 1,500 years ago, explained that the Earth spins and worked out the value of pi very accurately. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 008-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 mathematician mathematician NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 astronomer astronomer NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 5 Aryabhata Aryabhata PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 appos _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 about about ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 1,500 1,500 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:obl:unmarked 10 ago ago ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:advmod 11 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 12 explained explain VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 that that SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 spins spin VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 ccomp _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 worked work VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 19 out out ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 value value NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 pi pi NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 very very ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 accurately accurately ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | the mathematician and astronomer | | | | | ago *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **spin** | present | the Earth | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **work out** | past | the Earth *not said here* | the value of pi | | | | accurately *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent value=Topic | | 4 | **value** | | | pi | | | | | nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:008-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our nu…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/12/) - next →: [Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our nu…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/)