--- title: India has always been home to many peoples, languages and religions:… — Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers · tree and pragmatics description: India has always been home to many peoples, languages and religions: Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism began there, Islam and Christianity came later from other lands, and the Sikh faith began in India about 500 years ago. Who acts: India, Hinduism, Islam, Sikh faith. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our nu…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/) / 17 # Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers, sentence 17 India has always been home to many peoples, languages and religions: Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism began there, Islam and Christianity came later from other lands, and the Sikh faith began in India about 500 years ago. **Who acts:** India, Hinduism, Islam, Sikh faith · **What happens:** have, begin, come · **To what, where:** other lands, India This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (India, Hinduism, Islam, Sikh faith), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:008-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers.lesson:17 # text = India has always been home to many peoples, languages and religions: Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism began there, Islam and Christianity came later from other lands, and the Sikh faith began in India about 500 years ago. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 008-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 8 advmod _ _ 4 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 aux _ _ 5 home home ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 peoples people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 religions religion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 14 Hinduism Hinduism PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=19:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 Buddhism Buddhism PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:appos 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 Jainism Jainism PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 19 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 20 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 19 advmod _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 22 Islam Islam PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 Christianity Christianity PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 conj _ _ 25 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 26 later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 25 advmod _ _ 27 from from ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 lands land NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:obl 30 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 33 Sikh Sikh ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=34:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 34 faith faith NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 35 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 conj _ _ 36 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 38 about about ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 39 500 500 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 40 nummod _ _ 40 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obl:unmarked _ _ 41 ago ago ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | participle | India | | | | | to many peoples and languages and religions; home *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **begin** | past | Hinduism and Buddhism and Jainism | | | there | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 3 | **come** | past | Islam and Christianity | | | other lands | | late *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from land=Initial\_Location | | 4 | **begin** | past | the Sikh faith | | | India | | ago *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:008-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our nu…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/16/) - next →: [Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our nu…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/)