---
title: Real diplomacy used letters, gifts, envoys and royal marriages; in t… — Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty… · tree and pragmatics
description: Real diplomacy used letters, gifts, envoys and royal marriages; in the Amarna letters, from about 1350 BCE, kings of Egypt, Babylon and others call each other «brother» and ask for gold and gifts. Who acts: Real diplomacy, kings. A sentence of the lesson «Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, em
---

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# Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty lands, wonders and falls, sentence 15

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Real diplomacy used letters, gifts, envoys and royal marriages; in the Amarna letters, from about 1350 BCE, kings of Egypt, Babylon and others call each other «brother» and ask for gold and gifts.

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**Who acts:** Real diplomacy, kings · **What happens:** use, call, ask · **To what, where:** letters, each, Amarna letters · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty lands, wonders and falls» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Real diplomacy, kings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:080-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls.lesson:15
# text = Real diplomacy used letters, gifts, envoys and royal marriages; in the Amarna letters, from about 1350 BCE, kings of Egypt, Babylon and others call each other «brother» and ask for gold and gifts.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 080-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	diplomacy	diplomacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	envoys	envoy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	marriages	marriage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=8:conj
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	Amarna	Amarna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	about	about	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	1350	1350	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	appos	_	_
21	BCE	BCE	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod:unmarked	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
30	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj
31	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	30	obj	_	_
32	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	fixed	_	_
33	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	_
34	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	xcomp	_	_
35	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	34	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	ask	ask	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
38	for	for	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
41	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	conj	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Real diplomacy | letters and gifts and envoys and royal marriages |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | present | kings of Egypt and Babylon and others | each |  | the Amarna letters |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent each=Recipient |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | kings of Egypt and Babylon and others *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for gold and gifts | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:080-games-vs-history-tech-trees-barbarians-empty-lands-wonders-and-falls.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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