--- title: Rich car owners often paid a chauffeur to drive and look after the c… — Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, cara… · tree and pragmatics description: Rich car owners often paid a chauffeur to drive and look after the car; the word comes from French and first meant a man who stoked the fire of a steam engine. Who acts: Rich car owners, word, man. A sentence of the lesson «Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Toad's Edwardian England: early motor…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns/) / 13 # Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day and gold sovereigns, sentence 13 Rich car owners often paid a chauffeur to drive and look after the car; the word comes from French and first meant a man who stoked the fire of a steam engine. **Who acts:** Rich car owners, word, man · **What happens:** pay, drive, look, come, mean, stoke · **To what, where:** chauffeur, French, man, fire, steam engine This is a sentence of the lesson «Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day and gold sovereigns» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rich car owners, word, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:083-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns.lesson:13 # text = Rich car owners often paid a chauffeur to drive and look after the car; the word comes from French and first meant a man who stoked the fire of a steam engine. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 083-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 2 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 owners owner NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 4 often often ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 paid pay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 chauffeur chauffeur NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 drive drive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:acl 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 conj _ _ 12 after after ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 19 from from ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 French French PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 23 advmod _ _ 23 meant mean VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ _ 27 stoked stoke VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl:relcl _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 steam steam NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=33:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 33 engine engine NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pay** | past | Rich car owners | a chauffeur | | | | often *property* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chauffeur=Asset | | 2 | **drive** | to-infinitive | Rich car owners *not said here* | | | | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **look** | infinitive | Rich car owners *not said here* | | | | after the car | | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **come** | present | the word | | | French | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from french=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **mean** | past | the word *not said here* | a man | | | | first *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Topic | | 6 | **stoke** | past | a man | the fire of a steam engine | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **fire** | | | a steam engine | | | | | nom fire «event transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:083-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Toad's Edwardian England: early motor…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns/12/) - next →: [Toad's Edwardian England: early motor…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns/)