--- title: Long ago a common punishment was the stocks, a wooden frame that loc… — Gaols, magistrates and old punishments: from the… · tree and pragmatics description: Long ago a common punishment was the stocks, a wooden frame that locked a person's feet, so that people could laugh at them and throw rotten food; the stocks were still used now and then until the 1870s. Who acts: common punishment, wooden frame, people. A sentence of the lesson «Gaols, magistrates --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/84-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Gaols, magistrates and old punishments…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/84-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908/) / 11 # Gaols, magistrates and old punishments: from the stocks to the Children Act of 1908, sentence 11 Long ago a common punishment was the stocks, a wooden frame that locked a person's feet, so that people could laugh at them and throw rotten food; the stocks were still used now and then until the 1870s. **Who acts:** common punishment, wooden frame, people · **What happens:** be, lock, laugh, throw, use · **To what, where:** stocks, feet, rotten food This is a sentence of the lesson «Gaols, magistrates and old punishments: from the stocks to the Children Act of 1908» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (common punishment, wooden frame, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:084-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908.lesson:11 # text = Long ago a common punishment was the stocks, a wooden frame that locked a person's feet, so that people could laugh at them and throw rotten food; the stocks were still used now and then until the 1870s. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 084-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 2 advmod _ _ 2 ago ago ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 common common ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 punishment punishment NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 6 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 stocks stock NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 wooden wooden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 frame frame NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 appos _ _ 13 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 14 locked lock VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:det 16 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod:poss _ _ 17 's 's PART POS _ 16 case _ _ 18 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 20 so so SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 21 that that SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 22 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 23 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 laugh laugh VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:parataxis 25 at at ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 throw throw VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 conj _ _ 29 rotten rotten ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 ; ; PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 stocks stock NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nsubj:pass _ _ 34 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 aux:pass _ _ 35 still still ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 conj _ _ 37 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 36 advmod _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 36 conj _ _ 40 until until ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 1870s 1870 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 36 obl _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | a common punishment | the stocks | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **lock** | past | a wooden frame | a person's feet | | | | | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient | | 3 | **laugh** | could | people | | | | | at punishments *= punishment* | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **throw** | infinitive | people *not said here* | rotten food | | | | | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme | | 5 | **use** | past · passive | | the stocks | | | until the 1870s; still; now | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:084-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Gaols, magistrates and old punishments…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/84-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908/10/) - next →: [Gaols, magistrates and old punishments…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/84-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/84-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908/)