---
title: A cause is what makes something happen; an effect is what follows fr… — Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★ · tree and pragmatics
description: A cause is what makes something happen; an effect is what follows from it. Who acts: cause, something. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★, sentence 0

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A cause is what makes something happen; an effect is what follows from it.

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**Who acts:** cause, something · **What happens:** be, make, happen, follow · **To what, where:** something, effect

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cause, something), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:history:086-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains.lesson:0
# text = A cause is what makes something happen; an effect is what follows from it.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = history
# lesson = 086-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	0	root	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	13	nsubj	_	_
13	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cause and a effect |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **happen** | infinitive | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **follow** | present |  |  |  | effect |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent from it=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:086-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Olympiad: timelines, centuries and whi…, 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/85-olympiad-timelines-centuries-and-which-came-first/23/)
- next →: [Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/1/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/)