--- title: The Mongol Empire made the Silk Road safer for traders such as Marco… — Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★ · tree and pragmatics description: The Mongol Empire made the Silk Road safer for traders such as Marco Polo, but trade routes from Asia also helped carry the Black Death towards Europe in the 1340s. Who acts: Mongol Empire, trade routes. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/) / 12 # Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★, sentence 12 The Mongol Empire made the Silk Road safer for traders such as Marco Polo, but trade routes from Asia also helped carry the Black Death towards Europe in the 1340s. **Who acts:** Mongol Empire, trade routes · **What happens:** make, help, carry · **To what, where:** Silk Road, Black Death, 1340s This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mongol Empire, trade routes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:086-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains.lesson:12 # text = The Mongol Empire made the Silk Road safer for traders such as Marco Polo, but trade routes from Asia also helped carry the Black Death towards Europe in the 1340s. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 086-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Mongol mongol PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 3 Empire Empire PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 4 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 Silk Silk PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 Road Road PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 8 safer safe ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 xcomp _ _ 9 for for ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 traders trader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 11 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 13 case _ _ 12 as as ADP IN _ 11 fixed _ _ 13 Marco Marco PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 Polo Polo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 flat _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 16 but but CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 17 trade trade NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 routes route NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 19 from from ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 Asia Asia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 21 also also ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 helped help VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 23 carry carry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 xcomp _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 Black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 Death death PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=23:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 27 towards towards ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 1340s 1340 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 23 obl _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past | the Mongol Empire | the Silk Road | | | | safe *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Product | | 2 | **help** | past | trade routes from Asia | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **carry** | infinitive | trade routes from Asia *not said here* | the Black Death | | the 1340s | | towards Europe | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent death=Theme towards europe=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:086-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/11/) - next →: [Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/)