--- title: The Great Wall is many walls built over 2,000 years to keep out hors… — Ancient China: dynasties, the First Emperor and… · tree and pragmatics description: The Great Wall is many walls built over 2,000 years to keep out horse-riding raiders from the north, and most of the stone wall visited today was built by the Ming dynasty about 500 years ago. Who acts: Great Wall, stone wall, Ming dynasty. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient China: dynasties, the Fir --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ancient China: dynasties, the First Em…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/) / 15 # Ancient China: dynasties, the First Emperor and the Great Wall, sentence 15 The Great Wall is many walls built over 2,000 years to keep out horse-riding raiders from the north, and most of the stone wall visited today was built by the Ming dynasty about 500 years ago. **Who acts:** Great Wall, stone wall, Ming dynasty · **What happens:** be, build, keep out, visit · **To what, where:** many walls, riding raiders, north, most This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient China: dynasties, the First Emperor and the Great Wall» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Great Wall, stone wall, Ming dynasty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:009-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall.lesson:15 # text = The Great Wall is many walls built over 2,000 years to keep out horse-riding raiders from the north, and most of the stone wall visited today was built by the Ming dynasty about 500 years ago. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 009-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 Wall Wall PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 5 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 walls wall NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 7 built build VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl _ _ 8 over over ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 2,000 2000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 10 nummod _ _ 10 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl:unmarked _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 13 out out ADP RP _ 12 compound:prt _ _ 14 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 15 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 14 punct _ _ 16 riding riding NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 raiders raider NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 18 from from ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 north north NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:nmod 21 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=28:punct 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 23 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 31 nsubj:pass _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 stone stone NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 27 wall wall NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 28 visited visit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 acl:relcl _ _ 29 today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl:unmarked _ _ 30 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux:pass _ _ 31 built build VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 conj _ _ 32 by by ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 34 Ming Ming PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 compound _ _ 35 dynasty dynasty NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 36 about about ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=38:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 37 500 500 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 38 nummod _ _ 38 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 obl:unmarked _ _ 39 ago ago ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the Great Wall | many walls | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **build** | participle | | many walls *not said here* | | | year | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **keep out** | to-infinitive | | riding raiders | | the north | | | vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer raider=Beneficiary from north=Eventuality | | 4 | **visit** | past | the stone wall *not said here* | | | | today | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **build** | past · passive | the Ming dynasty | most of the stone wall | | | | ago *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:009-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient China: dynasties, the First Em…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/14/) - next →: [Ancient China: dynasties, the First Em…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/)