--- title: Picture a toddler pointing at the fridge and shouting "Juice!"; one… — What language is: sounds, words and rules everyo… · tree and pragmatics description: Picture a toddler pointing at the fridge and shouting "Juice!"; one word, a pointing finger and a hopeful face are enough, because everyone can see what is going on around the word. Who acts: you, toddler, everyone. A sentence of the lesson «What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares» --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [What language is: sounds, words and ru…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/) / 1 # What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares, sentence 1 Picture a toddler pointing at the fridge and shouting "Juice!"; one word, a pointing finger and a hopeful face are enough, because everyone can see what is going on around the word. **Who acts:** you, toddler, everyone · **What happens:** picture, point, shout, be, see, go on · **To what, where:** toddler, fridge, Juice, word · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, toddler, everyone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:001-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules.lesson:1 # text = Picture a toddler pointing at the fridge and shouting "Juice!"; one word, a pointing finger and a hopeful face are enough, because everyone can see what is going on around the word. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 001-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Picture picture VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 toddler toddler NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 pointing point VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 acl _ _ 5 at at ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 fridge fridge NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 shouting shout VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 conj _ _ 10 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 11 Juice juice NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj 12 ! ! PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=9:punct 13 " " PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=9:punct 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 16 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 pointing point VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 20 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 20 finger finger NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:parataxis 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 hopeful hopeful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 25 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 26 enough enough ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 28 because because SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 29 everyone everyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 31 nsubj _ _ 30 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 31 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 conj _ _ 32 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 34 nsubj _ _ 33 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 31 ccomp _ _ 35 on on ADP RP _ 34 compound:prt _ _ 36 around around ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: other - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=imp, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **picture** | imperative | you *not said here* | a toddler | | | | | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent toddler=Theme | | 2 | **point** | gerund | a toddler *not said here* | | | the fridge and one word and a pointing finger and a hopeful face | | | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **shout** *speech: express* | gerund | a toddler *not said here* | Juice | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent juice=Topic | | 4 | **point** | gerund | | | | | | | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | present | | | | | | enough *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **see** | can | everyone | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 7 | **go on** | present · progressive | | | | the word | | | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme around word=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:001-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [What language is: sounds, words and ru…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/0/) - next →: [What language is: sounds, words and ru…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/)