---
title: Human comes from Latin "humanus" through French and is not the Engli… — Plurals that make no sense: mice, sheep and geese · tree and pragmatics
description: Human comes from Latin "humanus" through French and is not the English word "man", so its plural is humans. Who acts: Human, plural. A sentence of the lesson «Plurals that make no sense: mice, sheep and geese» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Plurals that make no sense: mice, sheep and geese, sentence 14

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Human comes from Latin "humanus" through French and is not the English word "man", so its plural is humans.

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**Who acts:** Human, plural · **What happens:** come, not be, be · **To what, where:** humanus, Latin, English word, humans

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Plurals that make no sense: mice, sheep and geese» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Human, plural), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:language:010-plurals-mice-sheep-and-geese.lesson:14
# text = Human comes from Latin "humanus" through French and is not the English word "man", so its plural is humans.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = language
# lesson = 010-plurals-mice-sheep-and-geese.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Latin	Latin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=4:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_
6	humanus	humanus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:appos
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing
15	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
16	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
17	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	so	so	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
21	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=24:nsubj|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	humans	human	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	parataxis	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Human | humanus |  | Latin |  | through French | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from latin=Initial\_Location through french=Destination |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | present | Human *not said here* | the English word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | humanus's plural | humans |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:010-plurals-mice-sheep-and-geese.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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