--- title: A comma can rescue a dog: "My hobbies are cooking my dog and reading… — Grammar puzzles, part one · tree and pragmatics description: A comma can rescue a dog: "My hobbies are cooking my dog and reading" sounds terrible, but "My hobbies are cooking, my dog, and reading" is a happy list. Who acts: comma, hobbies, cooking. A sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part one» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Grammar puzzles, part one](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/) / 4 # Grammar puzzles, part one, sentence 4 A comma can rescue a dog: "My hobbies are cooking my dog and reading" sounds terrible, but "My hobbies are cooking, my dog, and reading" is a happy list. **Who acts:** comma, hobbies, cooking · **What happens:** rescue, cook, read, sound, be · **To what, where:** dog, happy list · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part one» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (comma, hobbies, cooking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:011-grammar-puzzles-part-one.lesson:4 # text = A comma can rescue a dog: "My hobbies are cooking my dog and reading" sounds terrible, but "My hobbies are cooking, my dog, and reading" is a happy list. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 011-grammar-puzzles-part-one.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 comma comma NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 rescue rescue VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ 8 " " PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 9 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 hobbies hobby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 11 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 cooking cook VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 18 csubj _ _ 13 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 reading read VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 12 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 17 " " PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=16:punct 18 sounds sound VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 19 terrible terrible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 xcomp _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=18:punct 21 but but CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 22 " " PUNCT `` _ 26 punct _ _ 23 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 hobbies hobby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 25 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 26 cooking cook VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 37 csubj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 conj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 reading read VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 26 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=26:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 33 " " PUNCT '' _ 26 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=32:punct 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 36 happy happy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 list list NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rescue** | can | a comma | a dog | | | | | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Theme | | 2 | **cook** *in a quote* | present · progressive | My hobbies | my dog | | | | | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent dog=Patient | | 3 | **read** *in a quote* | gerund | My hobbies *not said here* | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **sound** | present | cooking | | | | | terrible *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | | 5 | **cook** *in a quote* | present · progressive | My hobbies | | | | | | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **read** *in a quote* | gerund | My hobbies *not said here* | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is a** | present | cooking | a happy list | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:011-grammar-puzzles-part-one.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Grammar puzzles, part one, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/3/) - next →: [Grammar puzzles, part one, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/)