--- title: In "The old man the boat", "man" is the verb meaning to crew; a sent… — Grammar puzzles, part one · tree and pragmatics description: In "The old man the boat", "man" is the verb meaning to crew; a sentence that tricks you into reading it wrongly at first is called a garden-path sentence. Who acts: man, verb, sentence. A sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part one» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Grammar puzzles, part one](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/) / 6 # Grammar puzzles, part one, sentence 6 In "The old man the boat", "man" is the verb meaning to crew; a sentence that tricks you into reading it wrongly at first is called a garden-path sentence. **Who acts:** man, verb, sentence · **What happens:** be, mean, crew, trick, read, call · **To what, where:** verb, you, sentence, boat · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part one» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, verb, sentence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:011-grammar-puzzles-part-one.lesson:6 # text = In "The old man the boat", "man" is the verb meaning to crew; a sentence that tricks you into reading it wrongly at first is called a garden-path sentence. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 011-grammar-puzzles-part-one.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 2 " " PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=7:punct 3 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 boat boat NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 8 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=11:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 11 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 12 " " PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 verb verb NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 conj _ _ 16 meaning mean VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 acl _ _ 17 to to ADP IN _ 18 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:mark|HaikuPos=PART:TO:_ 18 crew crew VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 xcomp _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 sentence sentence NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj:pass _ _ 22 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 nsubj _ _ 23 tricks trick VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 acl:relcl _ _ 24 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ _ 25 into into SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 26 reading read VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 23 advcl _ _ 27 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 wrongly wrongly ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 29 at at ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 26 obl _ _ 31 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux:pass _ _ 32 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 34 garden garden NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 compound _ _ 35 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 34 punct _ _ 36 path path NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 compound _ _ 37 sentence sentence NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=32:obj 38 . . PUNCT . _ 32 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | man | the verb | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **mean** | gerund | the verb *not said here* | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **crew** *not said to happen* | infinitive | the verb *not said here* | | | | | | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **trick** | present | a sentence | you | | | | | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient | | 5 | **read** | gerund | a sentence *not said here* | sentence | | | | wrongly *property* | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent it=Theme at first=Value | | 6 | **call** | present · passive | | a sentence | | the boat | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:011-grammar-puzzles-part-one.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Grammar puzzles, part one, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/5/) - next →: [Grammar puzzles, part one, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/)