--- title: Island came from Old English "īegland" with no s; in the 1500s peopl… — Silent letters and the mystery of -ough · tree and pragmatics description: Island came from Old English "īegland" with no s; in the 1500s people wrongly linked it to French "isle" and Latin "insula" and added an s that was never spoken. Who acts: Island, people, s. A sentence of the lesson «Silent letters and the mystery of -ough» of the language course of Mova's primary s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/13-silent-letters-and-the-mystery-of-ough/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Silent letters and the mystery of -ough](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/13-silent-letters-and-the-mystery-of-ough/) / 8 # Silent letters and the mystery of -ough, sentence 8 Island came from Old English "īegland" with no s; in the 1500s people wrongly linked it to French "isle" and Latin "insula" and added an s that was never spoken. **Who acts:** Island, people, s · **What happens:** come, link, add, not speak · **To what, where:** Old English īegland, 1500s, s · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Silent letters and the mystery of -ough» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Island, people, s), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:013-silent-letters-and-the-mystery-of-ough.lesson:8 # text = Island came from Old English "īegland" with no s; in the 1500s people wrongly linked it to French "isle" and Latin "insula" and added an s that was never spoken. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 013-silent-letters-and-the-mystery-of-ough.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Island Island PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 4 Old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 5 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 6 " " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct 7 īegland īegland NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 8 " " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ 9 with with ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 11 det _ _ 11 s s NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nmod _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:det 15 1500s 1500 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 18 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:compound 16 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:obl 17 wrongly wrongly ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 linked link VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 21 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 22 " " PUNCT `` _ 23 punct _ _ 23 isle isle NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 24 " " PUNCT '' _ 23 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 26 Latin Latin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 27 " " PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ _ 28 insula insula NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ _ 29 " " PUNCT '' _ 28 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 added add VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj 32 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 s s NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 34 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 37 nsubj:pass _ _ 35 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 37 aux:pass _ _ 36 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 37 advmod _ _ 37 spoken speak VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 acl:relcl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | Island | | | Old English īegland with no s | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from īegland=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **link** | past | people | the 1500s | | | | to French isle and Latin insula; wrongly *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient to isle=Co-Patient | | 3 | **add** *speech: assert* | past | a s | | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | past · passive | | a s | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:013-silent-letters-and-the-mystery-of-ough.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Silent letters and the mystery of -ough, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/13-silent-letters-and-the-mystery-of-ough/7/) - next →: [Silent letters and the mystery of -ough, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/13-silent-letters-and-the-mystery-of-ough/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/13-silent-letters-and-the-mystery-of-ough/)