--- title: "My brother who lives in Leeds is a doctor" (no commas) picks out on… — Punctuation that changes meaning · tree and pragmatics description: "My brother who lives in Leeds is a doctor" (no commas) picks out one of several brothers; "My brother, who lives in Leeds, is a doctor" (commas) just adds a fact about your only brother. Who acts: brother, doctor, fact. A sentence of the lesson «Punctuation that changes meaning» of the language cou --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/14-punctuation-that-changes-meaning/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Punctuation that changes meaning](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/14-punctuation-that-changes-meaning/) / 15 # Punctuation that changes meaning, sentence 15 "My brother who lives in Leeds is a doctor" (no commas) picks out one of several brothers; "My brother, who lives in Leeds, is a doctor" (commas) just adds a fact about your only brother. **Who acts:** brother, doctor, fact · **What happens:** live, be, pick out, add · **To what, where:** Leeds, doctor, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Punctuation that changes meaning» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, doctor, fact), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:014-punctuation-that-changes-meaning.lesson:15 # text = "My brother who lives in Leeds is a doctor" (no commas) picks out one of several brothers; "My brother, who lives in Leeds, is a doctor" (commas) just adds a fact about your only brother. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 014-punctuation-that-changes-meaning.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 2 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 4 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 lives live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Leeds Leeds PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 doctor doctor NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 11 " " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ 12 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 14 punct _ _ 13 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 14 det _ _ 14 commas comma NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 appos _ _ 15 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 14 punct _ _ 16 picks pick VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 17 out out ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ _ 18 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 16 obj _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 brothers brother NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nmod _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 23 " " PUNCT `` _ 34 punct _ _ 24 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 28 nsubj _ _ 28 lives live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl:relcl _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 Leeds Leeds PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 32 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 cop _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 doctor doctor NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 parataxis _ _ 35 " " PUNCT '' _ 34 punct _ _ 36 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 37 punct _ _ 37 commas comma NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 appos _ _ 38 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 37 punct _ _ 39 just just ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 40 adds add VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:conj 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 fact fact NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 43 about about ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 44 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 46 nmod:poss _ _ 45 only only ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** *in a quote* | present | My brother | | | Leeds | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in leeds=Location | | 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | My brother | a doctor | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **pick out** | present | a doctor | one of several brothers | | | | | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient | | 4 | **live** *in a quote* | present | My brother | | | Leeds | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in leeds=Location | | 5 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | My brother | a doctor | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | a fact | | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:014-punctuation-that-changes-meaning.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Punctuation that changes meaning, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/14-punctuation-that-changes-meaning/14/) - next →: [Punctuation that changes meaning, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/14-punctuation-that-changes-meaning/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/14-punctuation-that-changes-meaning/)