--- title: Everyone has at least two ways of talking: informal (relaxed and cha… — Formal and informal: a mate versus the head teac… · tree and pragmatics description: Everyone has at least two ways of talking: informal (relaxed and chatty, for mates and family) and formal (careful and polite, for teachers, strangers and official letters); the style you choose is called your register. Who acts: Everyone, two ways, you, your. A sentence of the lesson «Formal and in --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/16-formal-and-informal-a-mate-versus-the-head-teacher/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Formal and informal: a mate versus the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/16-formal-and-informal-a-mate-versus-the-head-teacher/) / 0 # Formal and informal: a mate versus the head teacher, sentence 0 Everyone has at least two ways of talking: informal (relaxed and chatty, for mates and family) and formal (careful and polite, for teachers, strangers and official letters); the style you choose is called your register. **Who acts:** Everyone, two ways, you, your · **What happens:** have, talk, choose, call, register · **To what, where:** two ways, style · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Formal and informal: a mate versus the head teacher» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Everyone, two ways, you, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:016-formal-and-informal-a-mate-versus-the-head-teacher.lesson:0 # text = Everyone has at least two ways of talking: informal (relaxed and chatty, for mates and family) and formal (careful and polite, for teachers, strangers and official letters); the style you choose is called your register. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 016-formal-and-informal-a-mate-versus-the-head-teacher.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Everyone everyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 2 nsubj _ _ 2 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 at at ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 least least ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 5 nmod _ _ 5 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 ways way NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 7 of of SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 8 talking talk VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 acl _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 10 informal informal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 parataxis _ _ 11 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 12 punct _ _ 12 relaxed relaxed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 chatty chatty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:conj 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 for for ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 mates mate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 parataxis _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 family family NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 20 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 17 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 formal formal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj _ _ 23 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 24 punct _ _ 24 careful careful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 parataxis _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 polite polite ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 for for ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 teachers teacher NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:appos 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 strangers stranger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 conj _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 official official ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 letters letter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 conj _ _ 35 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 24 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=29:punct 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 42 punct _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 style style NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj:pass _ _ 39 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 40 choose choose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 acl:relcl _ _ 41 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 aux:pass _ _ 42 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 43 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 44 register register NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=42:obj 45 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Everyone | two ways | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Patient | | 2 | **talk** | gerund | two ways *not said here* | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **choose** | present | you | the style *not said here* | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent style=Theme | | 4 | **call** | present · passive | | the style | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 5 | **register** | | your | | | | | | nom register «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:016-formal-and-informal-a-mate-versus-the-head-teacher.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The apostrophe war, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/15-the-apostrophe-war/16/) - next →: [Formal and informal: a mate versus the…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/16-formal-and-informal-a-mate-versus-the-head-teacher/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/16-formal-and-informal-a-mate-versus-the-head-teacher/)