---
title: "Rad", short for radical, was 1970s and 1980s American surfer and sk… — Slang and how it changes with every generation · tree and pragmatics
description: "Rad", short for radical, was 1970s and 1980s American surfer and skater slang for excellent; the ordinary word radical means a very big or extreme change. Who acts: Rad, ordinary word. A sentence of the lesson «Slang and how it changes with every generation» of the language course of Mova's primary
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/17-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation/16/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Slang and how it changes with every ge…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/17-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation/) / 16

# Slang and how it changes with every generation, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Rad", short for radical, was 1970s and 1980s American surfer and skater slang for excellent; the ordinary word radical means a very big or extreme change.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Rad, ordinary word · **What happens:** be, mean · **To what, where:** American surfer, big change

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Slang and how it changes with every generation» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rad, ordinary word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:language:017-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation.lesson:16
# text = "Rad", short for radical, was 1970s and 1980s American surfer and skater slang for excellent; the ordinary word radical means a very big or extreme change.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = language
# lesson = 017-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	_
2	Rad	rad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	radical	radical	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
10	1970s	1970s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	14	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	1980s	1980s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	10	conj	_	_
13	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	surfer	surfer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	skater	skater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	excellent	excellent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	nmod	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:amod
23	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:compound
24	radical	radical	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
27	very	very	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	extreme	extreme	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	conj	_	_
31	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Rad | American surfer and skater slang for excellent |  |  |  | 1970s and 1980s *obl:unmarked* | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present | ordinary word | a big change |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent change=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:017-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Slang and how it changes with every ge…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/17-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation/15/)
- next →: [Accents and dialects of Britain and Ir…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/18-accents-and-dialects-of-britain-and-ireland/0/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/17-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation/)